ABSTRACT
No Brasil, a distribuiçäo etária do tétano é pouco estudada. Neste trabalho foi analisada a evoluçäo histórica do coeficiente de mortalidade por tétano no Brasil, entre 1980 e 1991, e estabelecida a distribuiçäo dos casos pela faixa etária, tendo por base o Sistema de Informaçöes de Mortalidade. Os coeficientes de mortalidade por faixa etária foram calculados conforme os dados fornecidos pela FUNASA-CENEPI, DATASUS e IBGE. Utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado para comparar os coeficientes de mortalidade para as diversas faixas etárias, por ano e regiäo do país. Houve declínio dos coeficientes de mortalidade em todas as faixas etárias, exceto nos idosos. Nas regiöes Norte e Sul houve aumento do coeficiente de mortalidade nos idosos. No Brasil, o tétano vem apresentando comportamento epidemiológico semelhante ao observado oos países desenvolvidos, onde os idosos representam o principal grupo de risco para adoecer e morrer da doença
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Age Distribution , Tetanus/epidemiology , Aged , Brazil , Chi-Square Distribution , Tetanus/mortalitySubject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Pancreatitis/complications , Cholestasis , Diabetes Mellitus , Alcoholism , Chronic DiseaseABSTRACT
The post-treatment pulmonary alterations were evaluated in patients (Study 1) and in mice (Study 2) infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Study 1: the patients were examined pre and post-treatment (with ora oxamniquine) and the following exams were performed: sputum for eosinophils and chest x-ray. Study 2: four groups of mice (total = 64) were studied; Group I (infected and treated with oxamniquine); II (infected and not treated); III (not infected and treated) and IV (not infected and not treated). All were x-rayed to check for pulmonary abnormalities pre and post-treatment and lung specimens were studied by optical microscopy and immunofluorescence. We have found abnormalities in the parameters checked in both studies and the results suggest an immunological reaction, probably due to deposition of immune complexes in the lungs, with subsequent activation of the complement system. The experimental study showed that the alterations are not dependent of the presence of eggs and/or worms of S. mansoni in the lungs, thus corroborating the hypothesis of deposition of circulating material.